Gas-compressor.



PATE'JI'IED. JULY 9, 1907. W. H. WEBB, W. G. BRETTELL 6r A. J. ADAMSON.G AS COMPRESSOR.

YH: NJRRI; Fermes n.. wAsHmam/v, D. 1:.

No. 859.419. .PATENTED JULY 9, 1907. A W. H. WEBB, W. G. BRETTELL & A.J. ADAMSON.

GAS COMPRESSOR.

rrnxouron FILED oom. 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES:

ATTORNEYS.

THR Hotel rl'rlu zo.. wlllularon. n. c.

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEIoE.

WALTER HENRY WEBB, WILLIAM GEORGE BRETTELL, AND ALEXANDER'JOHN ADAMSON,OF LIVERPOOL, ENGLAND.

GAS-COMPRESSOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

'ratented July 9, 1907.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, WALTER HENRY WEBB, WIL- LTAM GEORGE BRETTELL, andALEXANDER JOHN ADAMsoN, subjects of the King of England, residing atLiverpool, in the county of Lancaster-,England, have invented new'anduseful Improvements in or Connected with Gas-Compressors, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention has reference to gas compressors, in which compression iscarried to exceedingly high de-k gree, as is thecase in the compressionof carbonic anhydrid ((3.02), for the purpose of liquefying same for theproduction of cold for refrigerative purposes.

The compression cylinders andpistons of high pressure carbonic anhydridcompressors of refrigeration machinery wear un-uniformly, due to thebending of the cylinder` and vibration; and the object and effect ofthis invention is to obviate these defects simply and inexpensively, andat the same time provide a construction which admits of the readyfitting of the valves and other parts.

The invention will be described with reference to the accompanyingdrawings, in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the compressor;and Fig. 2 is an outsideend view of same, Fig. 3 is an end view ofthepiston.

The main compression cylinder barrel 1, in which the pistonworks, is ofsteel, and fixed within an outer supporting cylinder 2 preferably ofcast iron, and having a base 3 which is adapted to be fastened onto thebed-plate of the compressor, such base 3 extending practically the Wholelength of the cylinder.

The cylinder front cover 4, and the back cover 5, are separate from thecylinder, and carry in them the inlet valves 6, and outlet valves7. Thefront end 4 r is provided with a screw plug 8, carrying the glandpacking, and the other cover 5 is provided with a plug 9. The bores ofthe covers 4, 5, form a part of the cylinder bore in which the ends ofthe piston work, they being continuous with the cylinder bore.

The covers 4, 5, are provided on their inner faces with an annularprojection 10 and 11, respectively; and a corresponding groove isprovided, partly in the end of the supporting cylinder 2, and partly inthe barrel 1, to receive these projections 10, 11, a joint being madebetween the end of the barrel 1, and the covers 4, 5, Within theprojections 10, 1l, by the meeting of the two faces, which are tooled,or by a jointing between them.

The piston 12 has its packing rings-hereinafter described-so arranged init, that at the ends of the stroke, the end packing ring will justreach, or nearly reach, the end of the barrel 1,l While the ends oi thepiston beyond these rings, in each direction, are made to fill up thespaces in the covers 4 and 5, beyond the joints just described, to avoidclearance; but these parts of the piston do not work in contact Withsame, being slightly smaller in diameter.

lThe case cylinder 2, is bored internally (it being provided on theoutside with recesses and ribs as shown), and the inner barrel 1 isbored externally, and these bored and turned surfaces are made to littruly one with the other.

The inlet valves 6, which are oi the lift type, are supported in cages14, the upper edge of which, forms the valve seat; and these cages areprovided with upper and lower shoulders 15 and 16, While the space inthe covers 4, 5, in which these cages fit, is `correspondingly formedwith shoulders, as shown, and between the two sets' ofl shoulders,packing rings are provided. These shoulders and joints come one aboveand one below the inlet passage 17 for gas,leading into the interior ofthe cage 14.

When the cage 14 is forced into position, which is done by a solid metalscrew gland 18 screwing into the cylinder ends, a tight joint is madebetween the said shoulders 15, 16, and the corresponding shoulders inthe cylinder ends. On the other hand, by slacking back the screw gland18, it acts on a nut or head 13 on the end of the shank 19 of the cagey14, and this cage is released, and can be thereby readily withdrawn lorinspection, repairs, or otherwise.

The delivery valves 7 work in cages20 in the cylinder ends 4, 5, suchcages being screwed into the cylinder ends.

The gas inlet and outlet passages 17 and 21 to the valves 6 and 7 in thecylinder ends 4, 5, lead into holes 22, 23, bored transversely throughsame.

The cylinder ends 4 and 5, are fastened to the cylinder outer case 2 bybolts, which pass through lugs 25, 26, on the ends 4, 5, and thecylinder case 2, respectively.

With regard to the defects in connection with the pistons of compressorsof the kind referred to, We have `found the metallic packing hereinshown and described, is most serviceable, lasting, and efcient, andobviates the difficulties hitherto experienced. In this piston 12, thebody 28 is say made of steel in one with `the piston rod 29, and it isrecessed or turned down as shown; and in the tail has an annular recess30, and within this recess, an inner flange of a diametrically dividedring 31 is tted, for keeping the packing rings in position.

The packing rings consist of a plurality of hard brass or like solidrings 32, threaded over the body 28 oi the piston, and a number ofrelatively small split steel rings 3S-fitting in external recessses atone end of the t rings 32. One edge of each of the split rings 33 liesagainst the shoulder of the internal angle of the rings 32, and theother against the outer edge of the next ring.

A split packing ring 34 is provided in the front of the irst ring 32,and all the rings are made true, and scraped and fitted to make jointwith one another along their several edges; and behind the last ring 32,there is a threaded solid ring 35 screwing onto the external threadedendportion of the piston; and then beyond this, is the divided holdingring 31, which being 0i the diameter of the cylinder barrel l, is keptin position on the tail of the piston body.

The threaded ring 35 presses the rings 32 onto one another to thedesired degree of tightness, so that no fluid can pass between them,either from the inside or from the outside.

What is claimed is:-

1. A high pressure gas compressor cylinder, built up of an inner barrell of steel, and an outer cast casing 2, having a base 3 adapted to befastened to the hed-plate of the compressor, the barrel 1 and casing 2having an annularV recess in their ends, and cylinder ends 4, 5, fittedon the ends of the cylinderl parts 1, 2, and having on their inner facean annular projecting flange 10 and 11, fitting in the said annularrecesses, each end having in it anA inlet and discharge valve; and abored part forming a continuation of the cylinder bore at each end;substantially as set forth.

2. A high pressure gas compressing cylinder comprising an inner barrel1; an outer cast casing 2, having a. base 3 cast with it, adapted to befastened to the bed-plate of the compressor, and said cylinder andcasing having al1- nular grooves at their ends; separate end covers 4and 5 with annular projections 10 and 11, fitting into the said annulargrooves on the cylinder' parts 1 and 2, and bored out to form a portionof the cylinder bore, and with inlet and outlet valves therein; and apiston 12 having a plain part at one end beyond the piston rings,adapted to work WALTER- HENRY WEBB. WILLIAM GEORGE BRETTELL. ALEXANDERJOHN ADAHSON.

Witnesses:

S. GooDALL, W. HAImrsoN.

